Tier 1 Entrepreneur and Graduate Entrepreneur categories

From 30 March 2019, those coming to the UK to start a business will need to apply in new Innovator and Start-up categories respectively (Graduate Entrepreneur applications will be accepted till 5 July 2019). They are said to be broader and contributing more to the UK economy.

From the point of view of applicants, they will now have to be endorsed by UK trusted bodies, e.g. government agencies, universities, etc. It means that all business ideas will be evaluated as to how innovative, viable and scalable they are. Moreover, the applicants will need to stay in touch with their endorsing bodies to show the progress of their business.

Besides, an English language requirement has gone up from B1 to B2 level.

Start-up visa

This route will be open for applicants who intend to establish a new business for the first time in the UK. Key features of this visa:

• No need to be a graduate
• No initial funding required
• First visa will be given for 2 years instead of one

After 2 years, possibility to switch to the Innovator visa

Innovator visa

In contrast to the Start-up category, this visa will be open to more experienced entrepreneurs. Key features of this visa:

• £50,000 must be invested in a business, significant reduction from the current £200,000
• Funds must be from a legitimate source
• No investment required for those switching from the Start-up category, though significant achievements must be demonstrated

Route leading to settlement in 3 years

Tier 1 Investor category

This route will not be cancelled; it will remain open to affluent foreign individuals who wish to invest at least £2 million in the UK. Key changes include:

• Funds must be held in a bank account for 2 years instead of 90 days
• Banks will be required to carry out and provide evidence of due diligence checks on investors
• No investment in government bonds will be allowed
• Tighter rules around the use of intermediary vehicles
• Stronger evidence must be provided to show the business is active and trading

UK’s Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa is replaced with two new visa categories. 

Effective March 29th, 2019, the UK Government discontinued UK Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa category, replacing it with the “Startup Visa” and “Innovator Visa” categories.

The new visa categories replacing the Entrepreneur category

• The Startup Visa: Valid for two years, after which the applicant may qualify for;
• The Innovator Visa: Valid for three years

In plain English: Applicants are eligible for Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) after having held the Innovator visa for 3 years. Those who do not qualify for the Innovator visa from the outset may apply for the Startup visa as a bridge to obtain the Innovator visa after a period of 2 years.

What are the Startup and Innovator visas, and who are they meant for?

The Startup category: For early-stage but high potential entrepreneurs starting a business in the UK for the first time.

• Applicants do not need any funds to invest in their business at this stage, and must not have previously set up a business in the UK.
• Successful applicants are granted leave for two years and can also bring their family members (spouses/partners and children under 18) to the UK.
• During the granted period of leave, applicants will spend the majority of their time developing their businesses but may also take on other work outside of their businesses to support themselves.
• At the end of two years, Startup visa holders can switch to the Innovator category to extend their stay and develop their businesses in the UK.

The Innovator category: For more experienced businesspeople seeking to establish a business in the UK.

• Applicants will need a minimum £50,000 funding available to invest in their business.
• Successful Innovators are granted leave for 3 years at a time and can also bring their family members (spouses/partners and children under 18) to the UK.
• Innovators must work entirely on developing their business ventures and may not take on other employment outside their business. This includes anything that effectively amounts to employment, such as using their own business to hire out their labor to another employer.
• After 3 years, Innovators can apply to extend their stay for a further 3 years or to settle permanently in the UK. Each of these 3 stages (initial application, extension, and settlement) requires endorsement from an endorsing body.

Considering the Startup and Innovative visas are both new, some detailed requirements remain uncertain, but we can confirm that business plans will need the endorsement of Home Office appointees. The information provided thus far is that Tech Nation and 23 other bodies have been appointed as an endorsing body and will start their work in that capacity from September 2019. There will be strict monthly quotations on the number of applications, but specific numbers are yet to be announced.

Detailed requirements for the new visa categories

Step 1 – Endorsement

As before, no interview is required at the Embassy or Consulate. However, the applicant needs to apply for endorsement from a registered endorsing body in the UK. These are specialist business organizations that have a track record of assisting UK business (such as accelerators or business hubs).

Each endorsing body has its own set of criteria, and many of them require that you join their programs before considering an endorsement.

The general requirements for endorsement are that the applicant’s business proposal shows

• Innovation: The applicant has a genuine, original business plan that meets new or existing market needs and/or creates a competitive advantage.
• Viability: The applicant has, (or, for the Startup visa, is actively developing), the necessary skills, knowledge, experience and market awareness to successfully run the business.
• Scalability: There is evidence of structured planning and of potential for job creation and growth into national and international markets (national markets only required for the Startup visa).

Additional Requirements

• The applicant must demonstrate that they will spend most of their time in the UK working for their business on the Startup visa, although the applicant may take a part-time job during this time.
• If applying for the Innovator visa, applicants need to show that they will spend all of their working time in the UK working on their business; unrelated part-time work is not permissible.
• While the Startup visa has no minimum investment amount, applicants that later switch to the Innovator visa or who are applying for the Innovator visa from the outset will need to invest a minimum of £50,000 or higher, depending on what is needed under the business plan.
• Although teams are possible under the visa, each team member must show their own £50,000 investment.

Upon receipt of a formal endorsement, the applicant will move on to the visa application stage.

Step 2 – Visa Application

General document requirements:

• Maintenance – £945 for the main applicant and £634 for each dependent held as a minimum balance for 90 days.
• English Language – The applicant needs to either hold a degree taught in English that is recognized by UK NARIC, or to have passed an English language test at level B2. B2 ILETS minimum score: 5.5
• Criminal Records checks – for the applicant and any dependents over 18
• TB Certificate – if applying from a TB listed country.

Step 3 – Post Approval – Ongoing Monitoring in UK

The client and family move to the UK. In the case of Innovator visas approvals, the participant has 6 months to invest and start the business for which he/she obtained the visa. Both in the case of Startup and Innovator visas, the endorsing body will assign to the investor a “mentor” who will speak to them every 6 months to monitor progress. This monitoring will continue for Startup for 2 years, and for 3 years for Innovator. The main applicant must stay in the UK for a minimum of 6 months a year.

Step 4 – ILR Approval

Once the client has moved from Startup to Innovator Visa and/or directly invested funds as per terms of “Innovative Visa” detailed above, they must fulfill any of the two below-listed conditions to obtain ILR in as little as 2 to 3 years:

1. Double the amount of business and customer portfolio
2. Reach minimum annual revenue of GBP 1 million
3. Reach minimum investment of GBP 500,000 and GBP 100,000 in exports
4. Create 5 full-time jobs at GBP 25,000 per annum salaries.
5. Create 10 full-time minimum wage jobs for 1 year.